DICTIONARY
“Science Humor.” Pinterest, 28 Oct. 2015, www.pinterest.com/pin/520799144388347244/.
- Gene editing: The DNA is edited [hence the name], so a DNA is replaced, deleted, or inserted in the genome of an organism with the use of engineered nucleases. Sentence: I think gene editing is unethical because with great power comes with greater responsibilites.
- CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats): An example of gene editing is this DNA sequence in bacteria. The sequences contains pieces of DNA from the virus that attacks the bacterium. The pieces are then used by the bacteria to destroy the DNA from similar viruses during future attacks. CRISPR plays a vital role in the bacterial's defense system. With these new sequencing, there are effective changes in an organism's genome. How it works? CRISPR trancribes into short RNA sequences that are capable of guiding the system to matching sequences of DNA. When the target DNA is found, Cas 9 - one of the enzymes produced by CRISPR - binds to the DNA and cuts it, shuttng the targeted gene off. Sentence: University of California, in association with other universities, invented the genome editing tool - CRISPR.
- RNA Interference: this is a process where RNA molecules inhibit translation by neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules. Sentence: RNA interference is a crucial process in gene therapy.
References
- Maron, Dina Fine. “Embryo Gene-Editing Experiment Reignites Ethical Debate.” Scientific American, 2 Aug. 2017, www.scientificamerican.com/article/embryo-gene-editing-experiment-reignites-ethical-debate/.
- “Questions and Answers about CRISPR.” Broad Institute, 21 Aug. 2017, www.broadinstitute.org/what-broad/areas-focus/project-spotlight/questions-and-answers-about-crispr.
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